Are you wanting to run the beagle bone as a SPI slave or master?
If slave, yes, but Linux does not have SPI slave support built into it.
If master, I don't think so, the master generates the clock, usually.
See the AM335x reference manual [1] for more detail.
[1]:http://www.ti.com/general/docs/litabsmultiplefilelist.tsp?literatureNumber=spruh73h
-Andrew