No I2S signals from the BeagleBone Black

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1

I am unable to get the I2S signals from the beaglebone. Below are the things I did.

  1. I first disabled the HDMI audio as described here.
  2. I am using the P9.31 (SCLK), P9.28 (Data0) and P9.29(FSX/WS). Running sudo /opt/scripts/tools/version.sh gives the following.
debian@beaglebone:/boot$ sudo /opt/scripts/tools/version.sh
[sudo] password for debian: 
git:/opt/scripts/:[1aa73453b2c980b75e31e83dab7dd8b6696f10c7]
eeprom:[A335BNLT00C02315BBBK4ACD]
model:[TI_AM335x_BeagleBone_Black]
dogtag:[BeagleBoard.org Debian Image 2018-10-07]
bootloader:[eMMC-(default)]:[/dev/mmcblk1]:[U-Boot 2018.09-00002-g0b54a51eee]:[location: dd MBR]
kernel:[4.14.71-ti-r80]
nodejs:[v6.14.4]
uboot_overlay_options:[enable_uboot_overlays=1]
uboot_overlay_options:[uboot_overlay_addr0=/lib/firmware/BB-BONE-AUDI-02.dtbo]
uboot_overlay_options:[disable_uboot_overlay_audio=1]
uboot_overlay_options:[uboot_overlay_pru=/lib/firmware/AM335X-PRU-RPROC-4-14-TI-00A0.dtbo]
uboot_overlay_options:[enable_uboot_cape_universal=1]
pkg check: to individually upgrade run: [sudo apt install --only-upgrade <pkg>]
pkg:[bb-cape-overlays]:[4.4.20180928.0-0rcnee0~stretch+20180928]
pkg:[bb-wl18xx-firmware]:[1.20180517-0rcnee0~stretch+20180517]
pkg:[kmod]:[23-2rcnee1~stretch+20171005]
pkg:[librobotcontrol]:[1.0.3-git20181005.0-0rcnee0~stretch+20181005]
pkg:[firmware-ti-connectivity]:[20170823-1rcnee1~stretch+20180328]
groups:[debian : debian adm kmem dialout cdrom floppy audio dip video plugdev users systemd-journal i2c bluetooth netdev cloud9ide gpio pwm eqep admin spi tisdk weston-launch xenomai]
cmdline:[console=ttyO0,115200n8 bone_capemgr.uboot_capemgr_enabled=1 root=/dev/mmcblk1p1 ro rootfstype=ext4 rootwait coherent_pool=1M net.ifnames=0 quiet]
dmesg | grep pinctrl-single
[    1.107553] pinctrl-single 44e10800.pinmux: 142 pins at pa f9e10800 size 568
dmesg | grep gpio-of-helper
[    1.119437] gpio-of-helper ocp:cape-universal: ready
END
  1. Running perl /opt/scripts/device/bone/show-pins.pl gives the following.
debian@beaglebone:/boot$ perl /opt/scripts/device/bone/show-pins.pl
P8.25 / eMMC d0                    0  U7 fast rx  up  1 mmc 1 d0         mmc@481d8000 (pinmux_emmc_pins)
P8.24 / eMMC d1                    1  V7 fast rx  up  1 mmc 1 d1         mmc@481d8000 (pinmux_emmc_pins)
P8.05 / eMMC d2                    2  R8 fast rx  up  1 mmc 1 d2         mmc@481d8000 (pinmux_emmc_pins)
P8.06 / eMMC d3                    3  T8 fast rx  up  1 mmc 1 d3         mmc@481d8000 (pinmux_emmc_pins)
P8.23 / eMMC d4                    4  U8 fast rx  up  1 mmc 1 d4         mmc@481d8000 (pinmux_emmc_pins)
P8.22 / eMMC d5                    5  V8 fast rx  up  1 mmc 1 d5         mmc@481d8000 (pinmux_emmc_pins)
P8.03 / eMMC d6                    6  R9 fast rx  up  1 mmc 1 d6         mmc@481d8000 (pinmux_emmc_pins)
P8.04 / eMMC d7                    7  T9 fast rx  up  1 mmc 1 d7         mmc@481d8000 (pinmux_emmc_pins)
P8.19                              8 U10 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.22        ocp/P8_19_pinmux (pinmux_P8_19_default_pin)
P8.13                              9 T10 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.23        ocp/P8_13_pinmux (pinmux_P8_13_default_pin)
P8.14                             10 T11 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.26        ocp/P8_14_pinmux (pinmux_P8_14_default_pin)
P8.17                             11 U12 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.27        ocp/P8_17_pinmux (pinmux_P8_17_default_pin)
P8.12                             12 T12 fast rx down 7 gpio 1.12        ocp/P8_12_pinmux (pinmux_P8_12_default_pin)
P8.11                             13 R12 fast rx down 7 gpio 1.13        ocp/P8_11_pinmux (pinmux_P8_11_default_pin)
P8.16                             14 V13 fast rx down 7 gpio 1.14        ocp/P8_16_pinmux (pinmux_P8_16_default_pin)
P8.15                             15 U13 fast rx down 7 gpio 1.15        ocp/P8_15_pinmux (pinmux_P8_15_default_pin)
P9.15                             16 R13 fast rx down 7 gpio 1.16        ocp/P9_15_pinmux (pinmux_P9_15_default_pin)
P9.23                             17 V14 fast rx down 7 gpio 1.17        ocp/P9_23_pinmux (pinmux_P9_23_default_pin)
P9.14                             18 U14 fast rx down 7 gpio 1.18        ocp/P9_14_pinmux (pinmux_P9_14_default_pin)
P9.16                             19 T14 fast rx down 7 gpio 1.19        ocp/P9_16_pinmux (pinmux_P9_16_default_pin)
P9.11                             28 T17 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.30        ocp/P9_11_pinmux (pinmux_P9_11_default_pin)
P9.13                             29 U17 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.31        ocp/P9_13_pinmux (pinmux_P9_13_default_pin)
P9.12                             30 U18 fast rx down 7 gpio 1.28        ocp/P9_12_pinmux (pinmux_P9_12_default_pin)
P8.26                             31  V6 fast rx down 7 gpio 1.29        ocp/P8_26_pinmux (pinmux_P8_26_default_pin)
P8.21 / eMMC clk                  32  U9 fast rx  up  2 mmc 1 clk        mmc@481d8000 (pinmux_emmc_pins)
P8.20 / eMMC cmd                  33  V9 fast rx  up  2 mmc 1 cmd        mmc@481d8000 (pinmux_emmc_pins)
P9.15                             34 T13 fast rx  up  7 gpio 2.00
P8.18                             35 V12 fast rx down 7 gpio 2.01        ocp/P8_18_pinmux (pinmux_P8_18_default_pin)
P8.07                             36  R7 fast rx down 7 gpio 2.02        ocp/P8_07_pinmux (pinmux_P8_07_default_pin)
P8.08                             37  T7 fast rx down 7 gpio 2.03        ocp/P8_08_pinmux (pinmux_P8_08_default_pin)
P8.10                             38  U6 fast rx down 7 gpio 2.04        ocp/P8_10_pinmux (pinmux_P8_10_default_pin)
P8.09                             39  T6 fast rx down 7 gpio 2.05        ocp/P8_09_pinmux (pinmux_P8_09_default_pin)
P8.45 / hdmi / sysboot 0          40  R1 fast         0 lcd d0           0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.46 / hdmi / sysboot 1          41  R2 fast         0 lcd d1           0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.43 / hdmi / sysboot 2          42  R3 fast         0 lcd d2           0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.44 / hdmi / sysboot 3          43  R4 fast         0 lcd d3           0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.41 / hdmi / sysboot 4          44  T1 fast         0 lcd d4           0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.42 / hdmi / sysboot 5          45  T2 fast         0 lcd d5           0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.39 / hdmi / sysboot 6          46  T3 fast         0 lcd d6           0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.40 / hdmi / sysboot 7          47  T4 fast         0 lcd d7           0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.37 / hdmi / sysboot 8          48  U1 fast         0 lcd d8           0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.38 / hdmi / sysboot 9          49  U2 fast         0 lcd d9           0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.36 / hdmi / sysboot 10         50  U3 fast         0 lcd d10          0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.34 / hdmi / sysboot 11         51  U4 fast         0 lcd d11          0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.35 / hdmi / sysboot 12         52  V2 fast         0 lcd d12          0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.33 / hdmi / sysboot 13         53  V3 fast         0 lcd d13          0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.31 / hdmi / sysboot 14         54  V4 fast         0 lcd d14          0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.32 / hdmi / sysboot 15         55  T5 fast         0 lcd d15          0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.27 / hdmi                      56  U5 fast    down 0 lcd vsync        0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.29 / hdmi                      57  R5 fast    down 0 lcd hsync        0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.28 / hdmi                      58  V5 fast    down 0 lcd pclk         0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P8.30 / hdmi                      59  R6 fast    down 0 lcd oe/acb       0-0070 (nxp_hdmi_bonelt_pins)
P9.22 / spi boot clk              84 A17 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.02        ocp/P9_22_pinmux (pinmux_P9_22_default_pin)
P9.21 / spi boot in               85 B17 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.03        ocp/P9_21_pinmux (pinmux_P9_21_default_pin)
P9.18 / spi boot out              86 B16 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.04        ocp/P9_18_pinmux (pinmux_P9_18_default_pin)
P9.17 / spi boot cs               87 A16 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.05        ocp/P9_17_pinmux (pinmux_P9_17_default_pin)
P9.42a                            89 C18 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.07        ocp/P9_42_pinmux (pinmux_P9_42_default_pin)
P9.20 / cape i²c sda              94 D18 fast rx  up  3 i²c 2 sda        ocp/P9_20_pinmux (pinmux_P9_20_default_pin)
P9.19 / cape i²c scl              95 D17 fast rx  up  3 i²c 2 scl        ocp/P9_19_pinmux (pinmux_P9_19_default_pin)
P9.26                             96 D16 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.14        ocp/P9_26_pinmux (pinmux_P9_26_default_pin)
P9.24                             97 D15 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.15        ocp/P9_24_pinmux (pinmux_P9_24_default_pin)
P9.31 / hdmi audio clk           100 A13 fast rx down 7 gpio 3.14        ocp/P9_31_pinmux (pinmux_P9_31_default_pin)
P9.29 / hdmi audio fs            101 B13 fast rx down 7 gpio 3.15        ocp/P9_29_pinmux (pinmux_P9_29_default_pin)
P9.30                            102 D12 fast rx down 7 gpio 3.16        ocp/P9_30_pinmux (pinmux_P9_30_default_pin)
P9.28 / hdmi audio data          103 C12 fast rx down 7 gpio 3.17        ocp/P9_28_pinmux (pinmux_P9_28_default_pin)
P9.42b                           104 B12 fast rx down 7 gpio 3.18        ocp/P9_92_pinmux (pinmux_P9_92_default_pin)
P9.27                            105 C13 fast rx down 7 gpio 3.19        ocp/P9_27_pinmux (pinmux_P9_27_default_pin)
P9.41                            106 D13 fast rx down 7 gpio 3.20        ocp/P9_91_pinmux (pinmux_P9_91_default_pin)
P9.25 / audio osc                107 A14 fast rx down 7 gpio 3.21        ocp/P9_25_pinmux (pinmux_P9_25_default_pin)
P9.41 / jtag emu3                109 D14 fast rx down 7 gpio 0.20        ocp/P9_41_pinmux (pinmux_P9_41_default_pin)
  1. I have hooked my beaglebone’s i2s signals to a logic analyzer and use aplay to play a .wav file as shown below.
debian@beaglebone:~/UnoExampleTracks$ aplay 001_Sweeper.wav

When I try playing the track, I get the following errors and no signals on the i2s bus:

debian@beaglebone:~/UnoExampleTracks$ aplay 001_Sweeper.wav 
ALSA lib confmisc.c:767:(parse_card) cannot find card '0'
ALSA lib conf.c:4528:(_snd_config_evaluate) function snd_func_card_driver returned error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib confmisc.c:392:(snd_func_concat) error evaluating strings
ALSA lib conf.c:4528:(_snd_config_evaluate) function snd_func_concat returned error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib confmisc.c:1246:(snd_func_refer) error evaluating name
ALSA lib conf.c:4528:(_snd_config_evaluate) function snd_func_refer returned error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib conf.c:5007:(snd_config_expand) Evaluate error: No such file or directory
ALSA lib pcm.c:2495:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM default
aplay: main:788: audio open error: No such file or directory

Below is the kernel version I am using:

debian@beaglebone:~/UnoExampleTracks$ uname -a
Linux beaglebone 4.14.71-ti-r80 #1 SMP PREEMPT Fri Oct 5 23:50:11 UTC 2018 armv7l GNU/Linux

Also, when I run aplay -l, I get the following:

debian@beaglebone:~/UnoExampleTracks$ aplay -l
aplay: device_list:270: no soundcards found...

My intent is to connect a pcm5102 DAC module to the i2s lines and go from there. Before moving to the pcm5102, I decided it would be a good idea to first get the i2s bus up and running. Could someone please provide insights o what I may be doing wrong.

2

can you send us the audio part of schematics?

have you modified kernel? 2018-oct-5 says kernel not modified.

3

I am using BeagleBone Green. I don’t have anything connected to the i2s signals except for the logic analyzer.

Nope, haven’t modified the kernel. Using the same one got from the IoT Debian Flasher image from the latest image on beagleboard.org.

4

You need to make a device in the kernel, to initialize/register the audio codec, given I2S and I2C are correctly connected.

5

How do I make a device in the kernel? Could you please shed some light?

When you say"I2S and I2C are correctly connected", do you mean that I need to have the audio codec chip connected to these lines in order for the I2S to work? Can’t I just pump out I2S signals by playing some wav file and capture it via the logic analyzer?.

6

sure, you can have a look at this diff, I found by googling:

https://github.com/qdk0901/openwrt-mt7620/blob/master/target/linux/omap/patches-3.12/410-ARM-dts-am335x-evm-Add-audio-support-for-am335x-evm.patch

and some guide:

http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php/AM335x_Audio_Driver%27s_Guide

7

Hi,

Thanks for the links.

When I check the /lib/firmware directory I don’t see any .dtbo for am335x-evm. So to start with, I believe I have to find the am335x-evm.dts, compile it using dtc and put the .dtbo into the /lib/firmware. And then add it to the uEnv.txt boot file. Is my understanding correct?

And where can I get the .dts source with the patch shared in your link? I did a google search to find the source and found this, which I think is not the right one.

If not, please guide me on where to go from here.

8

Which image are you using? if you can find its kernel source?

9

I am using the "Debian 9.5 2018-10-07 4GB eMMC IoT Flasher" image from here
<https://beagleboard.org/latest-images>.

When I run "uname -a", I get below:

debian@beaglebone:~$ uname -a
Linux beaglebone 4.14.71-ti-r80 #1 SMP PREEMPT Fri Oct 5 23:50:11 UTC 2018
armv7l GNU/Linux

*Kernel:* 4.14.71-ti-r80.

I got this
<https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev/releases/tag/4.14.71-ti-r80>
as
a source matching this kernel when searched.

Kind Regards
*Vinay Divakar*
Firmware Engineer at Adroit, New Zealand
LinkedIn <http://www.linkedin.com/in/vinaydivakar> | Website
<https://deeplyembedded.org/> | Github <https://github.com/deeplyembeddedWP>

10

Finally got the audio working. Thanks.