Unfortunately, it looks to me like TI has removed the ability to trigger firmware loading from Device Tree(?):
Note that the base DT does trigger the loading the the pru_rproc module:
However, this seems to happen before the filesystem is populated, so no firmware gets loaded:
[ 3.622936] ti-pruss 4a300000.pruss: creating PRU cores and other child platform devices
[ 3.651714] remoteproc1: 4a334000.pru0 is available
[ 3.651740] remoteproc1: Note: remoteproc is still under development and considered experimental.
[ 3.651750] remoteproc1: THE BINARY FORMAT IS NOT YET FINALIZED, and backward compatibility isn’t yet guaranteed.
[ 3.652029] remoteproc1: Direct firmware load for am335x-pru0-fw failed with error -2
[ 3.652050] remoteproc1: failed to load am335x-pru0-fw
[ 3.660836] pru-rproc 4a334000.pru0: booting the PRU core manually
[ 3.660863] remoteproc1: powering up 4a334000.pru0
[ 3.660998] remoteproc1: Direct firmware load for am335x-pru0-fw failed with error -2
[ 3.661016] remoteproc1: request_firmware failed: -2
[ 3.676161] pru-rproc 4a334000.pru0: rproc_boot failed
[ 3.699719] remoteproc1: releasing 4a334000.pru0
[ 3.699953] pru-rproc: probe of 4a334000.pru0 failed with error -2
[ 3.704799] remoteproc1: 4a338000.pru1 is available
[ 3.704824] remoteproc1: Note: remoteproc is still under development and considered experimental.
[ 3.704835] remoteproc1: THE BINARY FORMAT IS NOT YET FINALIZED, and backward compatibility isn’t yet guaranteed.
[ 3.705080] remoteproc1: Direct firmware load for am335x-pru1-fw failed with error -2
[ 3.705102] remoteproc1: failed to load am335x-pru1-fw
[ 3.711287] pru-rproc 4a338000.pru1: booting the PRU core manually
[ 3.711310] remoteproc1: powering up 4a338000.pru1
[ 3.711426] remoteproc1: Direct firmware load for am335x-pru1-fw failed with error -2
[ 3.711443] remoteproc1: request_firmware failed: -2
[ 3.722784] pru-rproc 4a338000.pru1: rproc_boot failed
[ 3.752492] remoteproc1: releasing 4a338000.pru1
[ 3.755009] pru-rproc: probe of 4a338000.pru1 failed with error -2
(/lib/firmware/am335x-pru0-fw does exist, and probing pru_rproc after booting does load it just fine).