4/5/2020 Install on a VM or WSL	 Ubuntu 18.04, Focal 20.04, Linux Mint LMDE 4, Debian Mate 10.2, Zorin 15.2 Lite	Unified

If working from WSL BASH goto 'If working from WSL BASH coninue here'.

Guest entry in VM add shared folder as host C:\linux client as /linux and automount

Guest entry in VM under USB enter USB 1.1 and USB device as HP Deskjet 4620

Install <OS> FULL from ISO

Host set view Virtual Screen 1 to 125%

Uncheck the box install updates while installing. 

Create user account.

Let install finish.

Host set view Virtual Screen 1 to 100%

Reboot & Login. 				# On VM choose restart not shutdown.

At Remove Installation Media question. Press Enter.

When it comes up login, then wait a few minutes for things to finish before continuing.

Insert Guest additions. 		# On VM bar choose Devices and Insert Guest Additions
								# Corrects screen display (size) and mouse copy/paste between VM and HOST.

When VBOX comes up choose execute (run) and wait for press enter. ==> If you see a folder instead see notes below <==

Start Shell						# On the desktop right click and select open-in-terminal.
								# Debian (Applications, System Tools, Mate Terminal)

When prompted for sudo password use password for user you created.

Note you may need to  sudo apt install gcc make perl

sudo adduser $USER vboxsf		# To allow $USER (you) to access share (& Copy/Paste). Right Click Open Terminal.

exit shell

Restart 						# Right click on desktop choose open-in-terminal then type in  sudo shutdown -r 0
								# Debian Choose System menu, shutdown, reboot
								# Then login after system restarts.							

** If working from WSL BASH continue here. Remember Set /default in Poweshell. To see loaded
distros type in to Powershell: wsl.exe --list --all  Set default if not set then run BASH.
Example: Start powershell from the search window then: wslconfig.exe /setdefault Ubuntu-18.04
then run BASH for WSL. Shares under BASH for WSL are  /mnt/c  to access C: drive.
Share under VM is  /linux  to access  c:\linux  not the entire drive.

Copy/Paste and shared folders should work and lpr to print.  Test  ls -al | lpr  Not for WSL BASH.

Start Terminal Session			# Right click on desktop and select open terminal.
								# Debian (Applications, System Tools, Mate Terminal)

# Some tests to do under VM only.

ifconfig						# Shows virtual interfaces

pwd								# Should show /home and your user name I.E. /home/ken

systemctl | grep vbox			Two processes running, good, if not see reference below. Linux Lite needs this.
								Reference   sudo systemctl start vboxadd-service.service
								Reference   sudo systemctl enable vboxadd-service.service
								Retry systemctl | grep vbox    If it's not starting
								automatically something is wrong. If it's not working stop and fix it.
								
ls /linux						If permission denied 'adduser' not setup. Stop. Go back to "Insert Guest additions".

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver lock-enabled false	# Disable screen lock. Older verions
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver lock-delay 240		# 4 hours
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session idle-delay 240  		# 4 Hours

# End VM only

cd /home/{username}				# Be sure you are in the correct place.

If on a VM  cp /linux/current/* .
If on WSL  cp /mnt/c/linux/current/* .
If on some machine in neverland mount USB stick then cp <dev>/* .
Please execute in the order listed. This is automatic but takes awhile.

username  ALL=NOPASSWD: ALL		# Add to the end of /etc/sudoers Stops repeated password questions.

* If running Linux Lite 4.X fiddle with .bashrc and change Linux to linux & loadaps change pathVM to pathLL

./loadssh			Installs and enables secure shell and UFW Firewall on port 22 so sftp & putty & xshell 6 work.
./loadaps			Installs applications, png files, bin files, Desktop files, modifies .bashrc
./loaddev			Loads developtment packages
./loadbwbasic		Add sample files in bwbasic & compile.
./loadfocal			Add sample files in focal & compile.
./loadfortran		Add sample files in fortran.
? ./loadgnucobol	Builds GNU Cobol version 2.2. If running 3.1 cp -r /linux/gc31/* .   Then ./gc31install.sh
./loadcsc			Biulds and sets up CSC applications
Fire up firefox and add extensions. From command line type in  firefox  and press enter
					Ghostery is at: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/ghostery/ [Detailed view]
					No Script is at: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/noscript/
					HTTPS Everywhere is at: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/https-everywhere/
					Swift Search is at: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/swift-selection-search/
					Singlefile is at: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/single-file/
					NO don't do: Clear History is at: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/history-cleaner/ [7 days]

If all went OK do   ./loadcleanup  You only get ONE shot at this!

# All done ============================================================================================

# Notes and tips and possibly good stuff.

# To Resize VHD for VM to 20GB. " are important. Quotes matter. VM should be stopped!
cd “C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox"
VBoxManage modifymedium disk "C:\Users\YOU\VirtualBox VMs\Ubuntu-mate-20.04-desktop-amd64\Ubuntu-mate-20.04-desktop-amd64.vhd" --resize 20480
VBoxManage modifymedium disk "C:\Users\ken\VirtualBox VMs\Windows-10-Home64\Windows-10-Home64.vhd" --resize 25480 Another example
Then add ISO in the startup storage G-Parted
Start VM
Using G-Parted expand (resize) storage from G-Parted to use entire VHD.
Shutdown VM
Remove G-Parted ISO from storage
Start VM 

The following is not required for Ubuntu but is for Linux Mint:
To make things 'execute' open file manager click on desktop. Single click on one entry.
Click on edit and choose preference under general check don't ask questions on launch.
And change under advanced, programs terminal from x-terminal-emulator to lxterminal

An explanation of  .desktop  files (launchers) is at:
https://specifications.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/desktop-entry-spec-latest.html
See also; https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/desktop_entries  and 
https://developer.gnome.org/integration-guide/stable/desktop-files.html.en

Desktop validator  desktop-file-validate gmail.desktop
Desktop install desktop-file-install --dir=~/.local/share/applications ~/app.desktop
Desktop update-desktop-database ~/.local/share/applications
Ubuntu PC File Manager  menu://applications/
Mint PC File Manager    /usr/share/applications

# Adding an additional user under WSL for BASH
After everything appears to be working OK.
As the first user do  sudo adduser bob  and follow the prompts.
To give bob sudo privledges   sudo vim /etc/sudoers
Add an entry after root. To save changes  :w!  then  :q  The ! <bang> is required. (carefull)
To change to that user do  su bob  and put in bob's password.
Then type  cd  and press enter to be in bob's directory.. You are now in bob's environment.
Then do  /mnc/c/linux/current/* .
Then do  ./loadaps
Then do  ./loadcsc
Then do  ./loadfocal
Then do  ./loadfortran
Then do  ./loadbwbasic
Then do  ./loadcleanup
Then you can then run the X terminal do  ./x  and follow prompts.
Nice for experminting. To return to the original user do  su <USER>  and use their password or exit BASH and reopen.
To kill off that user do  sudo deluser bob  then  sudo rm -r /home/bob
If you get an open proccess message do  sudo kill -9  <PID>  then do  sudo deluser -f bob
Then  sudo vim /etc/sudoers  Move the cursor to the entry for bob and press  dd  followed by  :w!  then  :q

# Linux Mint XFCE 19.2 perhaps others also.
If guest additions do not start automatically. Do the following assuming the folder did show up.
References to {username} mean user you loged in with.
Start a terminal session (right click on desktop and select open terminal) then
cd /media/{username}
ls -l  to see version.
cd /media/{username}/VBox_GAs_6.1.0  (Or version displayed with ls)
sudo ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run		Enter password for {username} when requested
It should proceed compiling and wait for the press enter prompt. Takes some time...
Reboot using  shutdown -r 0			# 0 means immediate reboot
Log in and  open terminal session	then
sudo adduser {username} vboxsf
exit
Go back to Restart

# Debian 10.2.0 Mate
If guest additions do not start automaticallly do the following.
Open Mate Terminal	(Applications, System Tools, Mate Terminal)
					If desired click on edit and Profile Preferences
su root				Use the password you assigned	
cd /etc
vi sudoers
Add {username} under root   yy  p  Now root appears twice. Change second one to your user name  :w!  :q
exit 				Exit root mode # returning to your user $
cd /media/cdrom0
sudo sh autorun.sh	Use the password you assigned
Wait for completion and message telling you to reboot to activate changes
exit				Exit Terminal returning to desktop
Choose System menu, shutdown, reboot
Sign on as you
Open Mate Terminal	(Applications, System Tools, Mate Terminal)
sudo adduser {username} vboxsf
exit				Exit Terminal returning to desktop
Choose System menu, shutdown, reboot
Go back to Restart